ساخت و اعتباریابی بسته آموزش داستانهای کهن ایرانی و بررسی اثربخشی آن بر تابآوری روانشناختی و مهارت حل مسئله دانشآموزان دختر و پسر ناسازگار
کلمات کلیدی:
داستانهای کهن ایرانی, مثنوی معنوی, تابآوری روانشناختی, مهارت حل مسئله, نوجوانان ناسازگارچکیده
مقدمه و هدف: ناسازگاری در دوره نوجوانی میتواند فرایند رشد شناختی، هیجانی و اجتماعی را مختل کند و توانایی نوجوانان برای مواجهه سازنده با چالشهای فردی و بینفردی را کاهش دهد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ساخت و اعتباریابی بسته آموزش مبتنی بر داستانهای کهن ایرانی و بررسی اثربخشی آن بر تابآوری روانشناختی و مهارت حل مسئله دانشآموزان دختر و پسر ناسازگار انجام شد.
روششناسی: پژوهش با رویکرد آمیخته و در دو مرحله کیفی و کمی انجام شد. در مرحله کیفی، با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای متن مثنوی معنوی، مؤلفههای مرتبط با ارتباط سازگارانه استخراج و داستانهای متناسب انتخاب شدند و بسته آموزشی پس از بررسی روایی محتوایی توسط 10 متخصص روانشناسی، آموزش و ادبیات تدوین شد. در مرحله کمی، از طرح نیمهآزمایشی پیشآزمون–پسآزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شد. از میان دانشآموزان دوره متوسطه دوم شهر تهران، ابتدا 350 نفر با پرسشنامه سازگاری سینها و سینگ غربالگری شدند و سپس 40 دانشآموز ناسازگار بهصورت تصادفی در گروه آزمایش و کنترل، هر یک 20 نفر، جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش طی 12 جلسه آموزش مبتنی بر داستانهای کهن ایرانی دریافت کرد. ابزارها شامل پرسشنامه سازگاری سینها و سینگ، مقیاس تابآوری کانر–دیویدسون و پرسشنامه مهارت حل مسئله پارکر بود. دادهها با تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره در SPSS نسخه 27 تحلیل شدند.
یافتهها: نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره نشان داد اثر کلی عضویت گروهی بر متغیرهای وابسته معنادار بود (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.141, F = 106.742, p < 0.001). همچنین، پس از کنترل نمرات پیشآزمون، تابآوری روانشناختی در گروه آزمایش بهطور معناداری بیشتر از گروه کنترل بود (F = 58.576, p < 0.001) و مهارت حل مسئله نیز در گروه آزمایش افزایش معناداری نشان داد (F = 177.213, p < 0.001). بنابراین، مداخله آموزشی بر هر دو پیامد پژوهش اثر معناداری داشت.
نتیجهگیری: آموزش مبتنی بر داستانهای کهن ایرانی میتواند بهعنوان مداخلهای فرهنگی و آموزشی برای تقویت تابآوری روانشناختی و مهارت حل مسئله نوجوانان ناسازگار به کار رود. بهرهگیری از ظرفیت تربیتی داستانهای مثنوی معنوی در برنامههای مشاورهای، مدرسهای و خانوادهمحور میتواند به ارتقای توانمندیهای شناختی، هیجانی و رفتاری نوجوانان کمک کند.
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حق نشر 1404 Shaghayegh Hashemi Shekofteh, Alireza Pirkhaefi, Haghighat Sara (Author)

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