A Phenomenological Analysis of the Motivational Experience of Working Mothers in Achieving Work–Life Balance

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the lived and multidimensional experiences of motivation in working mothers striving to achieve work–life balance. This qualitative study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach. Twenty-two working mothers living in Tehran were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo software, and data trustworthiness was ensured through member checking and peer debriefing. Three main themes emerged: “internal motivational resources,” “external motivational resources,” and “motivational balancing strategies.” Internal resources such as a sense of purpose in motherhood and self-actualization, along with external supports including spousal support and a motivating work environment, were identified as key motivational factors. Additionally, mothers used various strategies like time management, mental rejuvenation, and spiritual practices to maintain their motivation. Motivation in working mothers to achieve work–life balance is a dynamic, interwoven phenomenon influenced by personal, social, and cultural dimensions. Recognizing these elements in organizational interventions and policy design can enhance the quality of life and productivity of employed women.