تأثیر کمال‌گرایی بر تنهایی عاطفی و اجتماعی در دانش‌آموزان متوسطه دوم: نقش میانجی رسانه‌های اجتماعی

آرتا   احمدمحرابی; سجاد امینی منش

Authors

Arta Ahmad Mehrabi Department of Clinical Psychology, Shi.C., Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3176-1270
Sajad Aminimanesh Department of Clinical Psychology, Shi.C., Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8613-0708

Keywords:

Perfectionism, emotional loneliness, social loneliness, social media

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Emotional and social loneliness are important psychosocial concerns during adolescence and may be associated with individual characteristics and patterns of social media use. This study aimed to determine the effect of perfectionism on emotional and social loneliness through the mediating role of social media among female senior high school students in Shiraz, Iran.

Methodology: This correlational study employed structural equation modeling. The target population consisted of female students attending public and private senior high schools in Shiraz during the 2024–2025 academic year, of whom 350 were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Emotional and Social Loneliness Scale developed by Asher, Hymel, and Renshaw, the Perfectionism Inventory developed by Hill et al., and the Social Media Disorder Scale developed by Van den Eijnden, Lemmens, and Valkenburg. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24. Covariance-based structural equation modeling with maximum likelihood estimation was applied, and the significance of the indirect effects was examined using bootstrapping with 2,000 resamples.

Findings: Perfectionism had significant positive effects on social loneliness (β=0.50, t=6.28, p=0.001), emotional loneliness (β=0.76, t=8.08, p=0.001), and social media use (β=0.50, t=6.45, p=0.001). Social media also significantly and positively predicted social loneliness (β=0.15, t=2.70, p=0.007) and emotional loneliness (β=0.14, t=2.80, p=0.005). Bootstrap analysis further demonstrated significant mediating effects of social media in the relationship between perfectionism and social loneliness (CI=0.006–0.283, p=0.02) and between perfectionism and emotional loneliness (CI=0.016–0.167, p=0.03).

Conclusion: Perfectionism is associated with greater emotional and social loneliness both directly and indirectly through increased problematic engagement with social media. Accordingly, school-based interventions targeting maladaptive perfectionism and promoting controlled and healthy social media use may contribute to reducing loneliness among adolescent female students.

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